Religion

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theology

cosmology

anthropology

public religion

private religion

-- Fate/Fortune, astrology

One more suggestion from the former religion major: a major motivation or at least characteristic of adventurers could be the desire/need to assert control in one's life over against the sovereignty of Fate (probably the single most powerful factor in the religious consciousness of the Roman Empire) and the authority of Rome.

-- dæmonia

-- gnosis

Egyptian Gods

Persian Gods

Ahura Mazda

Mithra

Philosophies

Platonism